Introduce astcachedir, to be used for temporary bucket files

As described in the issue, /tmp is not a suitable location for a
large amount of cached media files, since most distributions make
/tmp a RAM-based tmpfs mount with limited capacity.

I opted for a location that can be configured separately, as opposed
to using a subdirectory of spooldir, given the different storage
profile (transient files vs files that might stay there indefinitely).

This commit just makes the cache directory configurable, but leaves
it at /tmp by default, to ensure backwards compatibility.

A future commit that only targets master could change the default
location to something more sensible such as /var/tmp/asterisk. At
that point, the cachedir could be created and cleaned up during
uninstall by the Makefile script.

ASTERISK-29143

Change-Id: Ic54e95199405abacd9e509cef5f08fa14c510b5d

build_tools/make_defaults_h

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ cat << END
  */
 #define DEFAULT_CONFIG_FILE "${INSTALL_PATH}${ASTCONFPATH}"
 
+#define DEFAULT_CACHE_DIR  "${INSTALL_PATH}${ASTCACHEDIR}"
 #define DEFAULT_CONFIG_DIR "${INSTALL_PATH}${ASTETCDIR}"
 #define DEFAULT_MODULE_DIR "${INSTALL_PATH}${ASTMODDIR}"
 #define DEFAULT_AGI_DIR    "${INSTALL_PATH}${AGI_DIR}"